Definition:The tendency of unrelated animals and plants to evolve superficially similarcharacteristics under similar environmental conditions.趨同qū tóng由于生活習性或環境相似,導致親緣關系較遠的生物獲得形態相似或功能相同的特征,如翼龍、鳥類和蝙蝠的翅膀...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition: Cope’s rule states that population lineages tend to increase in body size overevolutionary time. While the rule has been demonstrated in many instances,it does not hold trueat all taxonomic levels,or in all clades. Larger body size is associat...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition: A coprolite is fossilized animal dung.糞化石fèn huà shí指石化的脊椎動物的排泄物化石。Origin: Fossil dung,1829,from copro-+-lite,from French,for -lithe,from Greek lithos“stone.”Example:In the past two or three decades,paleo parasitology has developed very quickl...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition: Rock material formed from consolidated mud or sediment that filled a holloworganic structure,such as a fossil shell. The fossil formed after dissolution of the mold.內核nèihé指生物遺體中空部分的充填物,如雙殼類和腕足類常形成內核化石,其表面為外殼的內模...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition:危機先驅種wēi jī xiān qū zhòng新生于大滅絕期間的高壓力災變環境并延續至復蘇期和輻射期的物種,后來成為生物復蘇與輻射的源泉之一。crisis:a time of great danger,difficulty or uncertainty when problems must be solved orimportant decisions m...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition: A crown group is a group consisting of living representatives,and theirancestors,back to the most recent common ancestor of that group.冠群guān qún一個共同祖先及其所有后裔組成的單系群,即冠部類群。形成于一次分支發生事件,其識別依據是共同衍征。...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition:A theory of organic evolution claiming that new species arise and are perpetuatedby natural selection.達爾文主義dá ěr wén zhǔ yì由達爾文創建的關于生物界演化一般規律的學說,以自然選擇學說為核心。Origin:1864,from Charles Darwin (1809-1882),whose major...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition:The phrase Dead Clade Walking refers to the fact that some clades(groups)oforganisms which survive mass extinctions either become extinct a few million years after themass extinction or fail to recover in numbers and diversity.死支漫步sǐ zhī màn bù...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition:The existence of two forms of individual within the same animal species(independent of sex differences).雙形現象shuāng xíng xiàn xiàng指一個種具有兩種不同特征類型的現象,如雌雄個體的特征不同,有孔蟲的顯球型和微球型明顯不同。Example:Pick two ...[繼續閱讀]

    Definition:The act of dispersing or diffusing something.散布sàn bù生物由一地向另一地的遷徙擴散活動。Origin:1821;see disperse+-alExample:Within the range of 25 m,the distance and direction of pollen dispersal could affect FGFsignificantly (P<0.01),and FGF generally tended...[繼續閱讀]